DEF CON Safe Mode -- Yippie-Ki-Yay!!!

This past weekend was DEF CON SafeMode. Hutch from SocioSploit presented on the threats of MFA bypass facilitated through Social Engineering in conjunction with real-time replay session instantiation attacks.

Yippee-Ki-Yay MFA'er - Bypassing Multi-Factor Authentication with Real-Time Replay Session Instantiation Attacks

In the not-too-distance past, it was fairly easy for red-teamers to conquer almost any environment with a combination of password sprays, or by leveraging social engineering to lure victims to fake login sites and harvest their credentials. But in the current landscape, there are new road-blocks to contend with. Nearly every company and organization has now deployed some form of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) on their perimeter services. Fortunately, for red-teamers, the vast majority of implementations of MFA across the Internet (email-based, SMS, OTP, and push requests) all share a common critical flaw that can still be easily circumvented using a modern revision of the classic “credential harvesting” attacks. This talk will offer a comprehensive methodology for how a red team can effectively bypass nearly any MFA service using Python-Flask, browser and OS emulation libraries (Mechanize or Selenium) to replay MFA credentials in real-time, establish legitimate user sessions, and then assuming access to those compromised sessions. This methodology will prove once again, that the advantage is still square in the hands of the red team, and that even now…ALL YOUR BASE ARE BELONG TO US!!!

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Another "Fappening" on the Horizon?

So in case you aren't fully up-to-speed on useless hacker trivia, "The Fappening" (also sometimes referred to as "Celebgate") was a series of targeted end-user cyber attacks which occurred back in 2014 (which strangely feels like forever in tech years), that resulted in unauthorized access to the iCloud accounts of several prominent celebrity figures. Following these breaches, photographs (for many including personal sexually explicit or nude photos) of the celebrities were then publicly released online. Most evidence points to the attack vector being spear phishing email attacks which directed the victims to a fake icloud login site, and then collected the victim's credentials to subsequently access their real icloud accounts. Migration to MFA In response to these events, Apple has made iCloud one of the very few social web services that implements compulsory MFA ("Multi-Factor Authentication"). But while they might be ahead of the indust...

Bypassing CAPTCHA with Visually-Impaired Robots

As many of you have probably noticed, we rely heavily on bot automation for a lot of the testing that we do at Sociosploit. And occasionally, we run into sites that leverage CAPTCHA ("Completely Automated Public Turing Test To Tell Computers and Humans Apart") controls to prevent bot automation. Even if you aren't familiar with the name, you've likely encountered these before. While there are some other vendors who develop CAPTCHAs, Google is currently the leader in CAPTCHA technology. They currently support 2 products (reCAPTCHA v2 and v3). As v3 natively only functions as a detective control, I focused my efforts more on identifying ways to possibly bypass reCAPTCHA v2 (which functions more as a preventative control). How reCAPTCHA v2 Works reCAPTCHA v2 starts with a simple checkbox, and evaluates the behavior of the user when clicking it. While I haven't dissected the underlying operations, I assume this part of the test likely makes determ...

That Escalated Quickly -- Chihuahua, Muffins, and the Impending Privacy Crisis!!!

So this is a story of how I recently went from exploring the seemingly harmless new capabilities of GPT-4, to discovering one of its darkest and most concerning secrets. It turns out, that GPT-4 has the ability to tell you exactly who that random person is that you have a crush on at the gym. Somebody cut you off in traffic and you want to exact revenge? There is a good chance that GPT-4 can tell you who they are. In fact, GPT-4 is apparently capable of recognizing people broadly (thanks to it's consumption and subsequent analysis of all of the photos across the Internet). But let's rewind and I'll explain how we got here. Muffin vs Chihuahua So OpenAI recently released the new image analysis features of its multi-modal version of GPT-4 (for premium paying customers). Shortly after this release, I saw somebody put these capabilities to the ultimate test, by having GPT-4 play the classic machine learning Computer Vision (CV) challenge of Chihuahua vs Muffin . The results we...

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